Most spore invitation are in the farm of question they often begin with will,would,would you like to,would you care to,etc
Offerins invitation
->Would you like to come to the restaurant this evening?
->Will you join us?
->Would you care to have dinner with us tonight?
->Could you come to a party at my place tomorrow?
->I wander whether you would care to come on a picnic with us next week?
Accepting invitation
->Yes,I'd love very much.
->Thank you.
->Yes,with pleasure.
Reffusing
->If you don't mind,i'd rather not.
->Thank you,i'm busy,may be next time.
->I have got another appointment.
->I'm sorry.
->I've lost to work to do.
Sabtu, 19 Februari 2011
Vocabulary Around The House
vocabs arround the house
Other Rooms
Attic - People store things in the attic.
Ballroom - A room in stately homes where rich people dance and concerts are held.
Box Room - A small room used for storage.
Cellar - Underneath the house.
Cloakroom - A small room where people put their coats.
Conservatory - A greenhouse attached to a house for the display of plants.
Dining Room- A room where people eat.
Drawing Room - A room in stately homes where rich people entertain.
Games Room - A room in large houses where games are played.
Hall - The entrance passage to a house.
Larder - A small room used for the storage of food.
Library - A room where books are kept.
Lounge - Another name for living room.
Music Room - A room where people play music.
Office - A room where people work.
Pantry - A small room used to store kitchen and dining items.
Parlour - Old fashioned word for living room.
Sitting Room - Another name for living room.
Spare Room/Guest Room - A room where guests sleep.
Toilet - A room where people go to the toilet (often known as WC)
Utility Room - A room where appliances such
as washing machines are used.
Other Rooms
Attic - People store things in the attic.
Ballroom - A room in stately homes where rich people dance and concerts are held.
Box Room - A small room used for storage.
Cellar - Underneath the house.
Cloakroom - A small room where people put their coats.
Conservatory - A greenhouse attached to a house for the display of plants.
Dining Room- A room where people eat.
Drawing Room - A room in stately homes where rich people entertain.
Games Room - A room in large houses where games are played.
Hall - The entrance passage to a house.
Larder - A small room used for the storage of food.
Library - A room where books are kept.
Lounge - Another name for living room.
Music Room - A room where people play music.
Office - A room where people work.
Pantry - A small room used to store kitchen and dining items.
Parlour - Old fashioned word for living room.
Sitting Room - Another name for living room.
Spare Room/Guest Room - A room where guests sleep.
Toilet - A room where people go to the toilet (often known as WC)
Utility Room - A room where appliances such
as washing machines are used.
Things you may find around the house
Asking If Someone Remembers or Not
Formal expressions:
Ø I wonder if you remember.....
Ø You remember...., don’t you?
Ø You haven’t forgotten...., have you?
Ø Don’t you remember.....?
Ø Do you happen to remember it now?
Ways to respond:
Ø Let me think, yes, I remember.
Ø I remember especially the scenery.
Ø I’ll never forget that
Ø I’ll always remember.
Ø I can remember it clearly.
Informal expressions:
Ø Remember the old house we used to live in?
Ø Remember that?
Ø I’m sorry I don’t remember
Ways to respond:
Ø Hold on. Yes, got it!
Ø I know.....
Ø It’s coming back to me now.
Respond if you forget:
Ø Sorry, I’ve completely forgotten.
Ø I’m affraid I forget.
Ø I really can’t remember.
Ø I’m afraid I have no memory of him
Ø Errr, let me think. No, it’s gone.
Ø Sorry, it slipped off my mind.
Example..
It was Sunday morning, Selly got dressed and had breakfast quickly. She was ready to leave for school. Her aunt was a little puzzled.
Mrs.Atun : Hey...hey.... are you going to school?
Selly : Yes, Mom. I overslept. I’m in a hurry
Mrs.Atun : You remember Sunday, don’t you?
Selly : Oh, my goodnes. I thought it’s a school day !
Ø I wonder if you remember.....
Ø You remember...., don’t you?
Ø You haven’t forgotten...., have you?
Ø Don’t you remember.....?
Ø Do you happen to remember it now?
Ways to respond:
Ø Let me think, yes, I remember.
Ø I remember especially the scenery.
Ø I’ll never forget that
Ø I’ll always remember.
Ø I can remember it clearly.
Informal expressions:
Ø Remember the old house we used to live in?
Ø Remember that?
Ø I’m sorry I don’t remember
Ways to respond:
Ø Hold on. Yes, got it!
Ø I know.....
Ø It’s coming back to me now.
Respond if you forget:
Ø Sorry, I’ve completely forgotten.
Ø I’m affraid I forget.
Ø I really can’t remember.
Ø I’m afraid I have no memory of him
Ø Errr, let me think. No, it’s gone.
Ø Sorry, it slipped off my mind.
Example..
It was Sunday morning, Selly got dressed and had breakfast quickly. She was ready to leave for school. Her aunt was a little puzzled.
Mrs.Atun : Hey...hey.... are you going to school?
Selly : Yes, Mom. I overslept. I’m in a hurry
Mrs.Atun : You remember Sunday, don’t you?
Selly : Oh, my goodnes. I thought it’s a school day !
Simple Future Tense
The definition of future tense
The future tense is a verb form that marks the event described by the verb as not having happened yet, but expected to happen in the future or to happen subsequent to some other event, whether that is past, present, or future.
The simple future is used :
to talk about things that will happen at a time later than now.
Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings. These different meanings might seem too abstract at first, but with time and practice, the differences will become clear. Both "will" and "be going to" refer to a specific time in the future.
FORM Will
[S + will + verb1]
Examples:
You will help him later.
Will you help him later?
You will not help him later.
FORM Be Going To
[S + to be (am/is/are) + going to + verb]
Examples:
You are going to meet Sarry tonight.
Are you going to meet Sarry tonight?
You are not going to meet Sarry tonight.
USE 1 "Will" to Express a Voluntary Action
"Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something voluntarily. A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else. Often, we use "will" to respond to someone else's complaint or request for help. We also use "will" when we request that someone help us or volunteer to do something for us. Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something.
Examples:
• I will send you the information when I get it.
• I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
• Will you help me move this heavy table?
• Will you make dinner?
• I will not do your homework for you.
• I won't do all the housework myself!
• A: I'm really hungry.
B: I'll make some sandwiches.
• A: I'm so tired. I'm about to fall asleep.
B: I'll get you some coffee.
• A: The phone is ringing.
B: I'll get it.
USE 2 "Will" to Express a Promise
"Will" is usually used in promises.
Examples:
• I will call you when I arrive.
• If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to I inexpensive health insurance.
• I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
• Don't worry, I'll be careful.
• I won't tell anyone your secret.
USE 3 "Be going to" to Express a Plan
"Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something in the future. It does not matter whether the plan is realistic or not.
Examples:
• He is going to spend his vacation in India.
• She is not going to spend her vacation in India.
• A: When are we going to meet each other tonight?
B: We are going to meet at 7 PM.
• I'm going to be an actor when I grow up.
• Michelle is going to begin medical school next year.
• They are going to drive all the way to Alaska.
• Who are you going to invite to the party?
• A: Who is going to make Jono's birthday cake?
B: Sue is going to make Jono's birthday cake.
USE 4 "Will" or "Be Going to" to Express a Prediction
Both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a general prediction about the future. Predictions are guesses about what might happen in the future. In "prediction" sentences, the subject usually has little control over the future and therefore USES 1-3 do not apply. In the following examples, there is no difference in meaning.
Examples:
• The year 2223 will be a very interesting year.
• The year 2223 is going to be a very interesting year.
• Anne Smith will be the next President.
• Anne Smith is going to be the next President.
• The movie "Zenith" will win several Academy Awards.
• The movie "Zenith" is going to win several Academy Awards.
IMPORTANT
In the Simple Future, it is not always clear which USE the speaker has in mind. Often, there is more than one way to interpret a sentence's meaning.
No Future in Time Clauses
Like all future forms, the Simple Future cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead of Simple Future, Simple Present is used.
Examples:
• When you will arrive tonight, we will go out for dinner. Not Correct
• When you arrive tonight, we will go out for dinner. Correct
ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
• You will never help him.
• Will you ever help him?
• You are never going to meet Jane.
• Are you ever going to meet Jane?
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
• John will finish the work by 5:00 PM. Active
• The work will be finished by 5:00 PM. Passive
• Sally is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight. Active
• A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight. Passive
The Formula with verb sentence :
• Positive (+): S + will/shall + V1 + object
• Negative (-): S + will/shall + not + V1 + object
• Interrogative (?): Will/shall + S + V1 + object
Example :
• nhiya will visit tokyo(+)
• Kajol will not visit India(-)
• Will shasya visit china? (?)
• The formula with nominal sentence :
• Positive (+): S + will/shall + be +complement
• Negative (-): S + will/shall + not + complement
• Interrogative (?): will/shall + S + complement
The simple future is used :
to talk about things that will happen at a time later than now.
Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings. These different meanings might seem too abstract at first, but with time and practice, the differences will become clear. Both "will" and "be going to" refer to a specific time in the future.
FORM Will
[S + will + verb1]
Examples:
You will help him later.
Will you help him later?
You will not help him later.
FORM Be Going To
[S + to be (am/is/are) + going to + verb]
Examples:
You are going to meet Sarry tonight.
Are you going to meet Sarry tonight?
You are not going to meet Sarry tonight.
USE 1 "Will" to Express a Voluntary Action
"Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something voluntarily. A voluntary action is one the speaker offers to do for someone else. Often, we use "will" to respond to someone else's complaint or request for help. We also use "will" when we request that someone help us or volunteer to do something for us. Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something.
Examples:
• I will send you the information when I get it.
• I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
• Will you help me move this heavy table?
• Will you make dinner?
• I will not do your homework for you.
• I won't do all the housework myself!
• A: I'm really hungry.
B: I'll make some sandwiches.
• A: I'm so tired. I'm about to fall asleep.
B: I'll get you some coffee.
• A: The phone is ringing.
B: I'll get it.
USE 2 "Will" to Express a Promise
"Will" is usually used in promises.
Examples:
• I will call you when I arrive.
• If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to I inexpensive health insurance.
• I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
• Don't worry, I'll be careful.
• I won't tell anyone your secret.
USE 3 "Be going to" to Express a Plan
"Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something in the future. It does not matter whether the plan is realistic or not.
Examples:
• He is going to spend his vacation in India.
• She is not going to spend her vacation in India.
• A: When are we going to meet each other tonight?
B: We are going to meet at 7 PM.
• I'm going to be an actor when I grow up.
• Michelle is going to begin medical school next year.
• They are going to drive all the way to Alaska.
• Who are you going to invite to the party?
• A: Who is going to make Jono's birthday cake?
B: Sue is going to make Jono's birthday cake.
USE 4 "Will" or "Be Going to" to Express a Prediction
Both "will" and "be going to" can express the idea of a general prediction about the future. Predictions are guesses about what might happen in the future. In "prediction" sentences, the subject usually has little control over the future and therefore USES 1-3 do not apply. In the following examples, there is no difference in meaning.
Examples:
• The year 2223 will be a very interesting year.
• The year 2223 is going to be a very interesting year.
• Anne Smith will be the next President.
• Anne Smith is going to be the next President.
• The movie "Zenith" will win several Academy Awards.
• The movie "Zenith" is going to win several Academy Awards.
IMPORTANT
In the Simple Future, it is not always clear which USE the speaker has in mind. Often, there is more than one way to interpret a sentence's meaning.
No Future in Time Clauses
Like all future forms, the Simple Future cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead of Simple Future, Simple Present is used.
Examples:
• When you will arrive tonight, we will go out for dinner. Not Correct
• When you arrive tonight, we will go out for dinner. Correct
ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
• You will never help him.
• Will you ever help him?
• You are never going to meet Jane.
• Are you ever going to meet Jane?
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
• John will finish the work by 5:00 PM. Active
• The work will be finished by 5:00 PM. Passive
• Sally is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight. Active
• A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight. Passive
The Formula with verb sentence :
• Positive (+): S + will/shall + V1 + object
• Negative (-): S + will/shall + not + V1 + object
• Interrogative (?): Will/shall + S + V1 + object
Example :
• nhiya will visit tokyo(+)
• Kajol will not visit India(-)
• Will shasya visit china? (?)
• The formula with nominal sentence :
• Positive (+): S + will/shall + be +complement
• Negative (-): S + will/shall + not + complement
• Interrogative (?): will/shall + S + complement
Asking For Information
There are a number of formulas used when asking for information in English. Here are some of the most common:
* Could you tell me...?
* Do you know...?
* Do you happen to know...?
* I'd like to know...
* Could you find out...?
* I'm interested in...
* I'm looking for..
These two forms are used for asking for information on the telephone:
* I'm calling to find out...
* I'm calling about...
* Could you tell me...?
* Do you know...?
* Do you happen to know...?
* I'd like to know...
* Could you find out...?
* I'm interested in...
* I'm looking for..
These two forms are used for asking for information on the telephone:
* I'm calling to find out...
* I'm calling about...
Modals in The Past Form
Modals in the past form in the Indonesian language is the word auxiliary modality in the past tense.
Modals in the past are :
1. Could
2. Would
3. Should
4. Shall
*Could + Verb base
We can use this expression : to offer suggestion or possibilities.
Example :
Nia : I’m having trouble with math.
Rizki : Why don’t you ask Novita ?
Perhaps she could help you.
*Might + Verb base
Use might to tell possibillities.
Example :
Helda : Why is Rio taking the bus to get home.
Fany : He might get a flat time.
*Would + verb base
Use would for an action that was repeated regulary in the past.
Example :
Yoan : What did you usually do on holidays ?
Lia : I would visit my grandparents In the village, but how not anymore.
*Would + Mind + V-ing
Use would to express polite request.
Example :
Mrs. Lady : Would you mind posting the letter ?
Nita : No, Not at all.
*Should + Verb base
Example :
Nisa : Ima , you should go to library now ?
Ima : O.k.
Modals in the past are :
1. Could
2. Would
3. Should
4. Shall
*Could + Verb base
We can use this expression : to offer suggestion or possibilities.
Example :
Nia : I’m having trouble with math.
Rizki : Why don’t you ask Novita ?
Perhaps she could help you.
*Might + Verb base
Use might to tell possibillities.
Example :
Helda : Why is Rio taking the bus to get home.
Fany : He might get a flat time.
*Would + verb base
Use would for an action that was repeated regulary in the past.
Example :
Yoan : What did you usually do on holidays ?
Lia : I would visit my grandparents In the village, but how not anymore.
*Would + Mind + V-ing
Use would to express polite request.
Example :
Mrs. Lady : Would you mind posting the letter ?
Nita : No, Not at all.
*Should + Verb base
Example :
Nisa : Ima , you should go to library now ?
Ima : O.k.
Preposition In, On and At
Preposition Usage
in You use ‘in’ with periods of times and places.
Ex :
Ω in May
Ω in winter
Ω in New York
on You use ‘on’ with specific days
Ex :
on Friday
on June 7
NOTE : America English : on the weekend OR on Weekends
at You use ‘at’ with specific times and specific places
Ex :
At 7 o’clock
At7.00m a.m
At night
At school
NOTE : British English : at the weekend OR at Weekends
of Its mean belonging to, relating to, or being part of something.
You use ‘of’ with noun and –ing forms
Ex :
a. The legs of the table
b. Of studying
off Ex :
a) Get off
b) Put off
c) Off the glass
After/before Ex :
Before winter
Before June
After summer
After lunch time
for Ex :
For one hour
For a week
For ages
from Ex :
From india
From 7 a.m until 9 a.m
during Ex :
During our holiday
During at night
in You use ‘in’ with periods of times and places.
Ex :
Ω in May
Ω in winter
Ω in New York
on You use ‘on’ with specific days
Ex :
on Friday
on June 7
NOTE : America English : on the weekend OR on Weekends
at You use ‘at’ with specific times and specific places
Ex :
At 7 o’clock
At7.00m a.m
At night
At school
NOTE : British English : at the weekend OR at Weekends
of Its mean belonging to, relating to, or being part of something.
You use ‘of’ with noun and –ing forms
Ex :
a. The legs of the table
b. Of studying
off Ex :
a) Get off
b) Put off
c) Off the glass
After/before Ex :
Before winter
Before June
After summer
After lunch time
for Ex :
For one hour
For a week
For ages
from Ex :
From india
From 7 a.m until 9 a.m
during Ex :
During our holiday
During at night
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