1. Present Perfect Tense
Present perfect tense is used for desribing a past action's effect on the present.
The Formula of Present Perfect Tense:
a. Without Verb:
(+) S + have/has + been + compliment.
(-) S + have/has + not + been + compliment.
(?) Have/has + S + been + compliment?
Example:
(+) She has been in French since 2002.
(-) She has not been in French since 2002.
(?) Has she been in French since 2002?
b. With Verb:
(+) S + have/has + verb3 + compliment.
(-) S + have/has + not + verb3 + compliment.
(?) Have/has + S + verb3 + compliment?
Example:
(+) We have already seen that movie.
(-) We have not already seen that movie.
(?) Have we already seen that movie?
2. Past PERFECT TENSE
Past perfect tense is a kind of tense that used to describe an action or an event that started in a certain time in the past and completed or finished till certain time in the past too, or past perfect tense is used to express an action or an event that had happened before the other event or action happened.
The Formula of Past Perfect Tense:
a. Without Verb:
(+) S + had + been + compliment.
(-) S + had + not + been + compliment.
(?) Had + S + been + compliment?
Example:
(+) They had been at home when I came.
(-) They had not been at home when I came.
(?) Had they been at home when I came?
b. With Verb:
(+) S + had + verb3 + compliment.
(-) S + had + not verb3 + compliment.
(?) Had + S + verb3 + compliment?
Example:
(+) Shafa had arrived from French last week.
(-) Shafa had not arrived from French last week.
(?) Had Shafa arrived from French last week?
3. Present Future perfect tense
Present future perfect tense is used to assert an action or an event that will happened or will finished at the definite time at the future.
The Formula of Present Future Perfect Tense:
a. Without Verb:
(+) S(except I) + will/shall + have + been + compliment.
(-) S(except I) + will/shall + not + have + been + compliment.
(?) Will/shall + S(except I) + have + been + compliment?
Example:
(+) We shall have been there at six o'clock tomorrow.
(-) We shall not have been there at six o'clock tomorrow.
(?) Shall we have been there at six o'clock tomorrow?
b. With Verb:
(+) S(except I) + will/shall + have + verb3 + compliment.
(-) S(except I) + will/shall + not + have + verb3 + compliment.
(?) Will/shall + S(except I) + have + verb3 + compliment?
Example:
(+) They will have gone if you came late tomorrow.
(-) They will not have gone if tou came late tomorrow.
(?) Will they have gone if you came late tomorrow?
4. Past future perfect tense
Past future perfect tense is used to assert an action or an event that will happened before or at other event happened at the past future.
The Formola of Past Future Perfect Tense:
a. Without Verb;
(+) S + would/should + have + been + compliment.
(-) S + would/should + not + have + been + complimen.
(?) Would/should + S + have + been + compliment?
Example:
(+) I should have been here at seven a.m.
(-) I should not have been here at seven a.m.
(?) Should I have been here at seven a.m.?
b.With Verb:
(+) S + would/should + have + verb3 + compliment.
(-) S + would/should + not + have + verb3 + complimen.
(?) Would/should + S + have + verb3 + compliment?
Example:
(+) Jack would have gone to London next Saturday.
(-) Jack would not have gone to London next Saturday.
(?) Would Jack have gone to London next Saturday?
